Kwezinye Arab amazwe (i-kuwait, ANNIESART, panama, njl
Kukho ezimbini engundoqo iindlela kokufumana ubumi: ngu-wokuzalwa - filiation (ukusuka Latin ilizwi 'Filous' - unyana) kwaye naturalization - ngokumnika lobumi yi-wagunyazisa imizimba yombuso, zikholisa ukuba kwenziwa egameni intloko imo (umongameli, umlawuli ophezulu)Ngokulandelelanayo, acquisition lobumi yi-wokuzalwa sele ezimbini bases: ilungelo igazi kwaye apha emhlabeni. Wokuqala ingaba umntwana ke acquisition lobumi zabazali, nokuba indawo yokuzalwa. Ingxaki kukho kuphela xa umntwana ke, abazali bamele ezahluka-nationalities (egg, umama - i-Italian ummi, uyise - French ummi). Lo mba ingaba isonjululwe ezininzi amazwe kuphela yi-kwisivumelwano esibhaliweyo zabazali ukukhetha umntwana ke lobumi. Phambi ukuba, unako bahlala stateless okanye (kaninzi) meyi kufumana * ubummi indawo yokuzalwa. Umthetho-siseko jus soli ngu isetyenziswe kwi-narrow isangqa abantu, ubukhulu becala abo egama * zabazali okanye abantliziyo abazali bamele engaziwayo, kwaye rhoqo kuzalwa emmandleni lizwe ukuba abantwana abemi ka-kwenye imo, ngaphandle kokuba abazali abanalo sele kweli lizwe yeenkonzo (egg diplomats). Ezininzi amazwe, umthetho ubonelela kunye isiseko acquisition lobumi yi-wokuzalwa: ilungelo igazi, kwaye apha emhlabeni. Naturalization ngu kunokwenzeka phantsi komthetho (umntwana ongamzalanga abe ngowakho, kwezinye iimeko, umtshato), kodwa idla iyenzeka ngomhla we-aplikeshini.
Ingxelo linikelwe umntu ukuba linalo igunya abasemagunyeni Yombuso i-nationality apho yena unqwenela ukuthenga.
Kwi-inani iimeko kanjalo kufuneka ukunikezelwa kwengxelo isicelo abasemagunyeni yombuso lizwe lobumi ka-umntu unqwenela ukufumana phandle. Omabini la zonyaka ikholisa ayingenisileyo, wobulali imizimba Zokulungiselela ka-Umphakathi okanye wenkundla yezomgaqo-siseko, kodwa kaninzi baya kufuneka zibhalwe ukuba intloko imo (ngamanye amaxesha umbuzo ka-ukutshintsha nationality lugqiba Umphathiswa i-Umphakathi). I-ngokumnika lobumi ngu kunokwenzeka phantsi kweemeko ezithile: phambi, eziliqela iminyaka engama-abahlala kwilizwe abantliziyo nationality umntu unqwenela ukufumana (Hungary - iminyaka emithathu, Ummandla: anesixhenxe ubudala, Kwiriphablikhi Chad -), ukwazi ulwimi elo lizwe (ngenye complex exam ezibonelelwe ngu-mthetho wepalamente ka-Iran kwaye e-Estonia, yamkelwa kwi-s: Latvia, umzekelo, ukongeza egqibeleleyo ulwazi Latvian ulwimi, umntu kufuneka siyazi imbali yelizwe ukususela ekuqalekeni XX century, kwaye ingaba ancestors abo bangakholwayo Latvia ukusukela elinye ixesha), abe mentally impilo entle kwaye andinayo izifo ezithile (ezifana AIDS) hayi kuba ebhalisiweyo - ingakumbi, amaxwebhu Interpol - njenge suicide, musa belong ukuba amaqela ukuthandwa ka-ukutshintsha kwinkundla yezomgaqo-siseko ukuze, njalo-njalo. njl.) ubumi unako kuphela kuthatyathwa yi-Muslims, abantu nezinye faiths kanjalo, kubandakanywa amaqabane, kuba ukwamkela * tshintsha yabo yonqulo. Ubumi imithetho umntu amazwe sub-Saharan Africa kufuneka naturalize 'rooted' kwi-zoluntu, ukuthobela kwabo ukuba abo balandela ngabanye. Umtshato, njengokuba umthetho, akunjalo kukhokelela oluzenzekelayo ubumi, nangona oko kwenza ukuba kube lula ukufumana. Embalwa kuphela amazwe (i-egg, panama), ubumi ngu ngokuzenzekelayo wanika ukuba umfazi abo married i-Saudi ummi, kodwa ngomhla imeko ukuba i-Muslim okanye ukwamkela Islam. I isibonelelo semali engama-asylum ukuba abantu abatshutshiswa ngenxa ezopolitiko izizathu, ngenxa yabo ezenzululwazi, loluntu, yenkcubeko imisebenzi, kwaye akakwazi entail oluzenzekelayo lobumi. Ihamba kunye kukho enye, ngaphantsi ngokufanayo iindlela kokufumana lobumi. Ezi ziquka: ukhetho (ukukhetha ubumi na ilizwe kwi-unxibelelwano nge unikezelo ka-territory ukusuka kwesinye Isimo ukuya kwesinye, okanye isibhengezo ye-territory ye-ngokutsha elizimeleyo states of owokuqala likarhulumente, umntu unakho shiya owokuqala nationality okanye khetha entsha njengoko kwakunjalo, umzekelo, kwi-e-algeria emva reaching ukuzimela kwisithuba seminyaka emithathu emva), ukukhutshelwa (transition ngu ekhatshwe utshintsho kwi ariya lobumi ngaphandle ekunene ukhetho, nto leyo rare, kodwa yenzekile kwezinye states emva Yesibini Yehlabathi Imfazwe), ubhaliso (kuyo ibandakanya a esenziwe lula inkqubo kuba acquisition lobumi ukuba abazali umntu wenziwe okanye ingaba abemi beli lizwe), sigulo ubumi (kuba yangaphambili abemi yombuso). Ezi iindlela bamele kanjalo oyedwa (umzekelo, ukhetho) okanye collective (unikezelo) ke ngoko naturalization. * Abantwana xa abazali' nationality iyaguquguquka kuxhomekeke age yabantwana.
Ngexesha umzabalazo ngokuchasene
Idla abantwana phantsi ishumi elinesine ubudala ubudala (kwamanye amazwe - ukuya kwi-elinesibini iminyaka e-United States nakwamanye amazwe kuba misela i-lower ubudala) ngokuzenzekelayo landela abazali, ngaphandle kokufumana ezongezelelweyo formalities entsha lobumi. Kwazi bani, phakama xa omnye itshintsha nationality zabazali. Kule meko, nationality ye-encinci umntwana luyagcinwa, okanye kancinane ngo ebhalwe kwisivumelwano phakathi abazali. Ukuba utshintsha ubumi abantwana iphelelwe elinesibini - ishumi elinesine - ishumi elinesibhozo leminyaka (ngamanye amaxesha ukuya kwi-amabini-omnye iminyaka) ikholisa wacela imvume yabo kubukho ummeli Kwisebe Lobulungisa, notary, ukuba ummeli karhulumente, ngokunjalo utitshala. Abantwana kunoko kunokuba ishumi elinesibhozo leminyaka (kwamanye amazwe phezu) tshintsha zabo ubumi kwi enye qho ngonyaka, kodwa ukuba baya kuyenza kunye nabazali babo, i-nkqubo esenziwe lula. Ilahleko lobumi.
Zimbini iindlela ilahleko lobumi: imveliso ye-deprivation ka-nationality kwaye lobumi.
Renunciation lobumi ngu initiated ngumntu abo efake isicelo kuba oko. Njengoko kukhankanywe, isicelo iqhele wasebenza kwi kuyo umzimba Nesebe le-Sangaphakathi, kodwa isisombululo inika umongameli.
Deprivation lobumi ngu wagunyazisa imizimba yombuso ngokuchasene inqwenelela umntu.
Inani amazwe ingaba bavunyelwe ukuba revoke i-ubumi ka-naturalized abemi kuphela ngamatyala obaluliweyo umthetho, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kuba kuphela ethile ixesha ixesha emva naturalization (umzekelo, zintandathu - kwiminyaka Austria). Kwamanye amazwe, umthetho ubonelela deprivation ka-nationality kwaye s-kuzalwa abemi, kodwa kuphela kuba iintshukumo abaxhasayo ka-langaphandle urhulumente, nto leyo yabangela umonakalo kwi-imo a ummi, okanye willful evasion ye military inkonzo. Kwi-Latin Emelika, deprivation lobumi (kuba zombini naturalized kwaye s-kuzalwa abemi) isetyenziselwa njengoko i-ezongezelelweyo esangezelelweyo ezifunwa inkundla kuba ezithile yolwaphulo-mthetho (espionage, njl. Umhla constitutions ezininzi amazwe prohibit i-deprivation ka-nationality. Ilahleko lobumi kwenzeka njengoko ngenxa ngasentla potpie ukukopa, njl. njl, ezinye zezi nemigaqo-nkqubo, kukho iziqalelo ze voluntariness, abanye - compulsion. Expulsion of abemi evela kumazwe formerly practiced kwezinye states of totalitarian socialism, uninzi amazwe ngu prohibited. Kuba foreigners oko kunokwenziwa, kodwa kuphela yi-wenkundla (Romania). Kwi-Mexico, nayiphi na foreigner unako ukuthumela umzimba ekhabhinethi amandla. Extradition (extradition yomntu ukusuka kwesinye isimo ukuya kwesinye kuba uphando kwaye yovavanyo) kunokwenzeka ngokungqinelana nomgaqo-i-ngamazwe sivumelwano okanye ngaphandle kwayo, kodwa thina musa extradite abantu umtyholwa opolitiko yolwaphulo-mthetho. Idla musa extradite kwezabo abavela kumazwe angaphandle kuba yolwaphulo-mthetho ngokuchasene nomnye Karhulumente okanye yayo abemi: aba bantu baya kugweba nisolko kwi-yokugqibela-decade, kuqala kwi-siseko umthetho totalitarian socialism, kwaye kamva ngamanye enkulu imithetho zisuke.
Isemthethweni supremacy-siseko ufuna ukuhlola yayo ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho.
Kukho specialized kwaye non-specialized nee-arhente ezifunekayo. Amalungelo ezopolitiko ingaba enxulumene ne-intatho-nxaxheba loluntu kwaye ezopolitiko ubomi, ngokusekwa Urhulumente, kunye umbutho. Kwi umbuzo ka-intsingiselo-siseko kuba kweli lizwe, kukho izimvo ezahlukeneyo. Zonke enkulu kwiindawo loluntu ebomini babo isiseko kwi-complex ingaba regulated kuphela ngumgaqo-siseko nomthetho. Zomthetho-siseko inokusetyenziswa kuphela uxwebhu (kubalulekile consolidated okanye codified, umgaqo-Siseko). Ezinjalo ingaba baninzi uninzi. Kwi-siseko umthetho langaphandle amazwe kusetyenziswa ezimbini mimiselo: ubumi kwaye nationality. Wokuqala uchaza umntu belonging.
